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Views: 300 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2023-10-20 Origin: Site
Compared to traditional PCs and smartphones, VR/AR (virtual reality) devices need to address the two special needs of "display" and "interaction", which are also the most important technical aspects. Since the beginning of this year, a series of "strongest performance in history" has not been the marketing slogan of technology giants, but a tangible breakthrough in key industry technologies.
Future prospects for active micro display technologies such as Micro LED.The launch of Apple Vision Pro is one of the milestones in the virtual reality industry in 2023. Apple's product planning has always been robust and is often regarded as a barometer of whether the industry and technology corresponding to the product are mature. Vision Pro is equipped with an active micro display technology Micro OLED (silicon based OLED) screen, with a resolution of 4K for a single eye and 8K for both eyes, greatly reducing the graininess and improving the realism of the rendered image to real-world scenes.
The mainstream display technologies of virtual reality devices mainly include passive micro display technology, active micro display technology, etc. Passive micro display technology includes LCD, LCoS, and DLP, which require LED as the light source during operation. At present, most VR head displays use LCD screens, and LCD technology is relatively mature. However, due to the large size of the optical machine and limited light spread, it is difficult to adapt to the complex and increasingly lightweight AR (augmented reality) and MR (hybrid reality) device forms.
Active micro display technology adopts self illumination, mainly including Micro OLED and Micro LED, which can better meet the requirements of penetrating glasses. Among them, Micro OLED is currently the mainstream technology, including Thunderbird Innovation, XReal, and Rokid, which have widely adopted Micro OLED screens. According to online monitoring data from Lotu Technology, Micro OLED's market share in the AR product online market reached 94% in the first half of 2023.
However, compared to the trendy Micro OLED, industry insiders believe that Micro LED, which belongs to active micro display technology, is expected to become a good solution for more MR screens in the future. The "Action Plan for the Integration and Development of Virtual Reality and Industry Applications (2022-2026)" issued by five departments including the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology clearly states that the focus will be on promoting the upgrading of micro display technologies such as Micro LED, and accelerating the development of close eye displays towards high resolution, large field of view, and lightweight miniaturization.
Micro LEDs are light-emitting diodes that have been shrunk down to a size that is one hundred times smaller than that of a conventional LED. These minuscule LEDs are printed on panels, and the panels themselves are modular, so they may be combined in any configuration to generate displays of any size and any resolution. They are so little that they are almost impossible to spot with the naked eye, and they may be included into displays of any size. This technological marvel offers a range of advantages over conventional LCD and OLED displays in a number of different ways, and it does so in a number of different ways.
MicroLED screens are exactly as capable as OLED panels when it comes to producing perfect blacks. MicroLED and OLED are both emissive display technologies with local dimming, which enables the on/off status of each individual pixel to be controlled independently. In contrast to LCD displays, this panel does not have backlighting, which results in a contrast that is significantly more true. The benefits of microLED contrast are attributed to its microscopic LEDs, which have quicker response times and significantly improve color fidelity.
Because there are no filtering layers in between microLEDs and the observer, they have a higher level of direct luminence than LCD displays and are capable of achieving levels of brightness that have never been attained before. This is a significant advancement over previous display technologies. The OLED panels that are now on the market have a peak brightness that runs somewhere between about 500 and 1,000 nits. The microLED display technology that is currently available has a brightness of 5,000 nits; but, if it were mass-produced, that brightness might potentially increase to 10,000 nits. A MicroLED manufacturer in Shanghai has shown off a prototype display that has a luminance of 2 million nits, which measures how brilliant the display is.
MicroLEDs, in contrast to OLEDs, do not make use of any organic components; the absence of organic components enables the development of colors that have a greater amount of vibrancy than is possible with OLEDs. Because of the improved brightness, contrast, and color gamut that come along with using a MicroLED screen, users are able to enjoy viewing experiences that cannot be matched by anything else now available.
Displays that have a wide viewing angle are not hampered by the presence of filtering layers, which enables those displays to display colors with a level of precision that is nearly unequaled. When it comes to viewing angles, liquid crystal displays (LCD) in particular have a well-deserved reputation for being among the worst in the industry.
One of the most significant concerns associated with OLEDs is the danger of burn-in. It is still possible to induce pixel degeneration, even though the risk of it has been lowered in more recent generations of models, if you leave photos on the screen for an excessive amount of time.
Currently, the expense of the new technology makes owning a microLED display impossible for the vast majority of people. However, because microLED doesn't rely on pricey organic components, it will eventually be more affordable than existing OLED displays once the technology is developed at scale. OLED panels are also challenging to enlarge and have fixed aspect ratios. These restrictions are not present with microLEDs, which also offer modular installation possibilities for customized panel configurations.
Since microLED is still a new technology, the average consumer cannot afford it. A MicroLED display is now only available from Samsung for an undisclosed price, and installation calls for a qualified technician. MicroLED technology is now intended for extremely large, wall-sized applications. The current difficulty is in producing it at a low cost for mass consumption at display sizes appropriate for the typical household.
Due to the lack of pricey organic ingredients, the cost of producing MicroLED displays will eventually become competitive and even less than the cost of producing OLED when production is improved and scaled up to meet market demand. This is because MicroLED displays do not require organic materials. This is due to the absence of a requirement for organic components in microLED displays.
For wearable displays, microLED arrays can be printed onto flexible and even transparent substrates. Some of the biggest limitations of OLED flexible displays are eliminated by this, along with its greater brightness, colors, and viewing angles.
One of the most cutting-edge benefits provided by microLED displays is the capability of incorporating sensors into the panel of the display itself. These displays can be used in a variety of applications. The fact that conventional display technologies require a far larger amount of space than microLED panels does make this a realistic possibility. At least in theory, integrating security-related microcameras or biosensors onto the same substrate as the MicroLEDs themselves shouldn't be too difficult during the manufacturing process. This is because the substrate already contains the MicroLEDs. As a direct consequence of this, bezels and notches would become superfluous because they would no longer be necessary to fulfill this requirement.
