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Views: 299 Author: Kaylee Publish Time: 2023-11-29 Origin: Site
Twisted Nematic, often known as TN LCD, is a type of thin-film transistor liquid crystal display, or TFT-LCD. It is one of the common instances of LCD technology utilised in a variety of low-cost consumer electronics, including mobile phones, computer monitors, calculators, and digital clocks and wristwatches. It used to be the most widely used display technology available.
Better technologies emerged as a result of later technical advancements. These include organic light-emitting diode, or OLED, display technology, in-plane switching, or IPS LCD technology, and plasma panel display, or PDP technology.
It is nonetheless crucial to emphasise that the advent of TN LCD, starting in 1970, was a technological advance that led to the commercialization of LCD. It made monolithic LED and CRT displays outdated while making the usage of digital electronic displays in consumer electronics devices accessible and useful.
In light of the features and attributes of other LCD technologies, such as VA LCD and IPS LCD, as well as other display technologies, such as OLED and AMOLED, this article examines the benefits and drawbacks, or advantages and disadvantages, of TN LCD.
Twisted nematic effect, which is based on the controlled realignment of liquid crystal materials between various ordered molecular configurations under the action of an applied electric field, is the fundamental component of TN LCD. One such panel consists of liquid crystal molecules sandwiched between two transparent indium-tin oxide-coated glass substrate slabs. Aligners that both rub in the same direction are applied to this surface once more.
In their native condition, the liquid crystal materials are twisted at an angle. These twisted materials become untwisted when an electric charge is applied, altering their orientation. Its untwisting makes room for light to flow through. Electric current can be switched, allowing the materials to be twisted and untwisted once more. Pixel control is represented by this twisting and untwisting mechanism, which uses patterns of light and dark pixels to produce images.
Twisted nematic LCD, or TN LCD, has been a popular and nearly ubiquitous display technology for portable electronics since the 1990s because of its advantages. Keep in mind that TN LCD panels have the following benefits over other display technologies:
The straightforward application of the twisted nematic effect is one of the main benefits of twisted nematic LCD panels. This resulted in less complicated production procedures and lower manufacturing expenses, which in turn led to the low cost of consumer electronics fitted with TN LCD panels.
Other mainstream display technologies like monolithic LED and CRT displays were displaced by the popularity of twisted nematic LCD. For more cost consumer electronics, TN LCD panels are a more sensible option than IPS and AMOLED display panels due to their simpler and less expensive manufacturing process.
It also operates at low operating voltages and doesn't require a current flow to function. These qualities are consistent with minimal power usage. Be aware that TN LCD is more efficient than VA and IPS LCD. Even the power consumption of a passive-matrix OLED panel can be equaled by a simple monochromatic twisted nematic LCD panel.
An era of low-powered electronic gadgets and lightweight electronic displays was brought about by the low power consumption benefit of TN LCD panels. These are the recommended panels for smaller, more portable consumer electronics, like digital watches and calculators that run on tiny batteries and solar cells.
The time it takes for a single pixel in a panel to change from one state to another is known as the pixel reaction time. Milliseconds are used to measure this. The frequency at which a picture is updated and displayed on a screen is known as the screen refresh rate. In hertz, this is measured. It is preferable to have a low pixel reaction time and a fast screen refresh rate.
Motion blurs surrounding a specific picture or graphical element and ghosting effects on moving images are common problems with panels with high pixel response times and low refresh rates. In photos with rapid motion, this is more apparent. TN LCD panels outperform IPS LCD in terms of native response time, coming in at 2 milliseconds, and native refresh rate, at 60 seconds.
Twisted nematic LCD technology's drawbacks and restrictions have prevented it from being used in more contemporary and expansive applications. Its fundamental shortcomings and problems have been addressed by IPS LCD and OLED. The following are the particular drawbacks of TN LCD panels:
A prominent drawback of TN LCD panels is their narrow viewing cone or angle. To fully understand the viewability of this panel, the user must view it at a 90-degree angle straight up. When viewed from different angles, images appear darker and colours seem duller. In OLED and premium IPS LCD, these colour changes and visual distortions are barely noticeable.
This limited viewing angle forces a certain user to sit or stand perfectly still in front of a TN LCD display. Because it is occasionally impossible to prevent changing the angles at which these panels are viewed, colour shifts and image distortion are an issue with bigger TN LCD panels. This also results in a worsened user experience overall and visually.
In addition, when compared to other LCD technologies like in-plane switching (IPS) and vertical alignment (VA), these panels don't reproduce colours accurately. It is apparent that the colours are duller than on VA and IPS LCDs. Colour shifts are also a function of the narrow viewing angle.
However, an LCD panel based on twisted nematic technology is not appropriate for usage in color-critical use cases due to its poor colour reproduction. Video editing, graphic design, and photo editing are a few examples. For these uses, an expensive, pixel-dense IPS LCD like Apple's Liquid Retina screens is more appropriate.
Keep in mind that the manufacturers have an impact on the TN LCD panels' quality. Excessive examples of the inherent drawbacks of the technology are typically seen in low-end panels. Notable examples are inexpensive feature phones and PC monitors. Extreme colour shifts can be seen on the panels used in these devices even at very small viewing angle variations.
Low-end TN LCD panels' intrinsically poor colour reproduction and weak illumination can also make images nearly invisible when viewed in direct sunshine. The panels' vulnerability to dead pixels is an additional drawback. This issue is particularly noticeable with less expensive and subpar TN LCD screens.
Nematic twisted A ground-breaking invention known as LCD technology made digital electronic displays widely used in a variety of consumer electronics products. Because of their noteworthy features and benefits, which centre around easier manufacturing that results in lower end-user price points, TN panels continue to be a preferred choice for displays.
However, TN LCD is getting more outdated due to IPS LCD and AMOLED technology. IPS LCD continues to be the finest choice for LCDs due to its superior visual performance and well-established manufacturing method. OLED's distinct benefits have led to its growing popularity in both mid-range and luxury consumer electronics gadgets.
Even yet, TN LCD panels are still relatively unique due to their low production costs and competitive pricing. Because of its low power consumption, it is a good option for low-power gadgets like digital watches and calculators. It's also a cheap option for a PC monitor because of its high refresh rate and quicker response time.
Keep in mind that display technology would be too strong for twisted nematic to compete in providing a high-quality visual experience. Better LCD technologies are being developed through the use of IGGZO TFT or LTPO materials, as well as mini-LED backlighting. There are now better and more modern options because to the development of quantum dot and microLED technologies.
